Using the data schema I outlined, your example rule would be the following, which you could try but might comprise too many nested levels:
Current User's Selected Membership's Team's Enabled Users contains This User
Following is how I have implemented the particular point you’re asking about:
This User's Related Teams contains Current User's Selected Membership's Team
Here’s a fuller example accounting for the current user’s status:
Current User's Selected Membership's Enabled is yes and Current User's Selected Membership's Role's Permission 1 is yes and This User's Related Teams contains Current User's Selected Membership's Team