Yes, you can… but the key difference is (as far as I understand) List Popper keeps duplicate items in the lists, whereas in standard Bubble, duplicates get removed… which can be a big problem when running recursive workflows on certain lists…
@gaharrington, if you had asked this question because List Popper stopped working for you, well, it did for a time, but not because of anything I did. If you’re interested in gory details you can see this thread.
Anyway, @adamhholmes is correct in that, you could send a list to a backend workflow, then do whatever work you need to do on :first item, and at the end of the workflow, pass the original list :minus item that first item to the next recursive workflow.
But, as he points out, :minus item (like all Bubble list operators) operates setwise and, when you remove an item using :minus item, this will remove all instances of item from the list. This is often undesirable if our list is, for example, a list of numbers. This is the main feature of the List Popper SSA (but it can also preserve empty values if we send it a list that contains empty values – this is a less common problem, but one that some folks need).